Understanding HIV/AIDS: A Nursing Perspective on Pathophysiology, Symptoms, Treatment, and Patient Education
HIV and AIDS Introduction Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remain among the most pressing global health concerns, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. HIV is a virus that weakens the immune system by targeting CD4+ T cells, which are essential for fighting infections. Without treatment, HIV progresses to AIDS, a condition marked by severe immunosuppression and vulnerability to opportunistic infections. Nurses play a critical role in managing HIV/AIDS through education, clinical care, and psychosocial support. This research synthesizes insights from RegisteredNurseRN (2021), Simplenursing (2022), and Gilbert and Sandeep (2023), offering a clear, explanatory guide for learners, caregivers, and health educators. Pathophysiology of HIV HIV is classified as a retrovirus, meaning it carries its genetic material in the form of RNA rather than DNA. In simple terms, RNA (ribonucleic acid) is like a rough draft or messenger that carries instruc...
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